Media queries
Bootstrap media queries
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newer version is available for Bootstrap 5. We recommend migrating to the latest version of our product - Material Design for
Bootstrap 5.
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Since Bootstrap is developed to be mobile first, we use a handful of media queries to create sensible breakpoints for our layouts and interfaces. These breakpoints are mostly based on minimum viewport widths and allow us to scale up elements as the viewport changes.
Bootstrap primarily uses the following media query ranges — or breakpoints — in our source Sass files for our layout, grid system, and components.
Media queries as responsive breakpoints
// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
// No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap
// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)
@media (min-width: 576px) { ... }
// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)
@media (min-width: 768px) { ... }
// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up)
@media (min-width: 992px) { ... }
// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... }
Media queries available via Sass mixins
Since we write our source CSS in Sass, all our media queries are available via Sass mixins:
@include media-breakpoint-up(xs) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(xl) { ... }
// Example usage:
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) {
.some-class {
display: block;
}
}
The other direction of responsive breakpoint queries
We occasionally use media queries that go in the other direction (the given screen size or smaller):
// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
@media (max-width: 575px) { ... }
// Small devices (landscape phones, less than 768px)
@media (max-width: 767px) { ... }
// Medium devices (tablets, less than 992px)
@media (max-width: 991px) { ... }
// Large devices (desktops, less than 1200px)
@media (max-width: 1199px) { ... }
// Extra large devices (large desktops)
// No media query since the extra-large breakpoint has no upper bound on its width
Media queries Sass mixins example
Once again, these media queries are also available via Sass mixins:
@include media-breakpoint-down(xs) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(lg) { ... }
Minimal and maximum media queries
There are also media queries and mixins for targeting a single segment of screen sizes using the minimum and maximum breakpoint widths.
// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
@media (max-width: 575px) { ... }
// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)
@media (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767px) { ... }
// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) { ... }
// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up)
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) { ... }
// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... }
Minimal - maximum media queries Sass mixins
These media queries are also available via Sass mixins:
@include media-breakpoint-only(xs) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(lg) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(xl) { ... }
Media queries multiple breakpoints widths
Similarly, media queries may span multiple breakpoint widths:
// Example
// Apply styles starting from medium devices and up to extra large devices
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199px) { ... }
The Sass mixin for targeting the same screen size range would be:
@include media-breakpoint-between(md, xl) { ... }
Usage of media queries within panels
Resize the screen to see the effect of media queries.
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At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti atque corrupti quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non provident, similique sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga.
<!-- Grid row -->
<div class="row">
<!-- Grid column -->
<div class="column mb-4 px-2">
<!--Card Primary-->
<div class="card indigo text-center z-depth-2">
<div class="card-body">
<p class="white-text mb-0">At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti
atque corrupti quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non provident, similique
sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--/.Card Primary-->
</div>
<!-- Grid column -->
<!-- Grid column -->
<div class="column mb-4 px-2">
<!--Card Primary-->
<div class="card danger-color text-center z-depth-2">
<div class="card-body">
<p class="white-text mb-0">At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti
atque corrupti quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non provident, similique
sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--/.Card Primary-->
</div>
<!-- Grid column -->
<!-- Grid column -->
<div class="column mb-4 px-2">
<!--Card Primary-->
<div class="card info-color text-center z-depth-2">
<div class="card-body">
<p class="white-text mb-0">At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti
atque corrupti quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non provident, similique
sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--/.Card Primary-->
</div>
<!-- Grid column -->
<!-- Grid column -->
<div class="column mb-4 px-2">
<!--Card Primary-->
<div class="card mdb-color text-center z-depth-2">
<div class="card-body">
<p class="white-text mb-0">At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti
atque corrupti quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non provident, similique
sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--/.Card Primary-->
</div>
<!-- Grid column -->
</div>
<!-- Grid row -->
@media (max-width: 767px) {
.column {
width: 100%;
}
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
.column {
width: 50%;
}
}
@media (min-width: 1025px) {
.column {
width: 25%;
}
}
Usage of media queries within cards
Resize the screen to see the effect of media queries.
Title of the news
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Button
Title of the news
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Button
Title of the news
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Button
<!-- Grid row -->
<div class="row">
<!-- Grid column -->
<div class="column-2 px-2 mb-r">
<!--Card-->
<div class="card default-color-dark">
<!--Card image-->
<div class="view">
<img src="https://mdbootstrap.com/img/Photos/Slides/img%2810%29.webp" class="card-img-top" alt="photo">
<a href="#">
<div class="mask rgba-white-slight"></div>
</a>
</div>
<!--Card content-->
<div class="card-body text-center">
<!--Title-->
<h4 class="card-title white-text">Title of the news</h4>
<!--Text-->
<p class="card-text white-text">Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem
aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo.
Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-outline-white btn-md">Button</a>
</div>
</div>
<!--/.Card-->
</div>
<!-- Grid column -->
<!-- Grid column -->
<div class="column-1 px-2 mb-r">
<!--Card-->
<div class="card primary-color-dark">
<!--Card image-->
<div class="view">
<img src="https://mdbootstrap.com/img/Photos/Slides/img%2811%29.webp" class="card-img-top" alt="photo">
<a href="#">
<div class="mask rgba-white-slight"></div>
</a>
</div>
<!--Card content-->
<div class="card-body text-center">
<!--Title-->
<h4 class="card-title white-text">Title of the news</h4>
<!--Text-->
<p class="card-text white-text">Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem
aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo.
Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-outline-white btn-md">Button</a>
</div>
</div>
<!--/.Card-->
</div>
<!-- Grid column -->
<!-- Grid column -->
<div class="column-1 px-2">
<!--Card-->
<div class="card warning-color-dark">
<!--Card image-->
<div class="view">
<img src="https://mdbootstrap.com/img/Photos/Slides/img%2812%29.webp" class="card-img-top" alt="photo">
<a href="#">
<div class="mask rgba-white-slight"></div>
</a>
</div>
<!--Card content-->
<div class="card-body text-center">
<!--Title-->
<h4 class="card-title white-text">Title of the news</h4>
<!--Text-->
<p class="card-text white-text">Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem
aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo.
Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-outline-white btn-md">Button</a>
</div>
</div>
<!--/.Card-->
</div>
<!-- Grid column -->
</div>
<!-- Grid row -->
@media (max-width: 767px) {
.column-1,
.column-2 {
width: 100%;
}
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
.column-1 {
width: 50%;
}
.column-2 {
width: 100%;
}
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
.column-2,
.column-1 {
width: 33%;
}
}